CVE-2025-54506AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors time-of-check to time-of-use race
CVE-2025-54506 is a time-of-check to time-of-use race in AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors, rated medium (4.0 on CVSS 4.0).
Why this priority: Medium severity, with no exploitation signal.
Published · Updated · NVD status: Received
What it is
Something is checked, then changed by an attacker before it is used.
How it is reached
An attacker can exploit it by someone who can already run code or sign in on the machine, with an administrator account, and nobody has to click anything. Success also depends on conditions the attacker does not fully control.
What an attacker gains
The scored direct impact on the component itself is low. In practice, this kind of flaw lets an attacker win a timing window to bypass a check or corrupt shared state. The damage can spread past the vulnerable component into others.
Is it being exploited?
There is no public report of exploitation yet.
What to do
- No fixed version is listed yet. Find every place AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors runs, watch the references for a fix, and plan a replacement if it is no longer supported.
- Limit who can run code or sign in on the hosts that run it.
Description from NVD
A time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the AMD SEV Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware could allow an attacker with administrative privileges to bypass security checks on scatter lists, potentially resulting in loss of guest integrity.
What this means for your architecture.
A CVE names a product. Whether it matters depends on where that product sits in your systems: what reaches it, which trust boundary it guards and what it can reach once compromised. Veriom maps your components, their relationships and your trust boundaries from your code, cloud and delivery evidence, so you can see where a component like this sits. The radar itself does not look at your systems.
Components it touches
- Request handlers and jobs that share state. The flaw sits between concurrent requests or processes.
Trust boundaries in play
- Host boundary. The attacker needs a foothold on the machine first; the flaw turns a small foothold into a bigger one.
- Isolation between components. The impact crosses out of the vulnerable component into others it should be isolated from.
- Between concurrent requests or processes. An attacker who crosses it can win a timing window to bypass a check or corrupt shared state.
Questions to answer about your own systems
- Where does AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors run in your systems, and at which version?
- Which of those hosts also run code or users you do not fully trust?
- What can it reach once compromised: which data stores, secrets and services?
Sources
- CVE records and CVSS scores from the NVD CVE API. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.
- Exploitation status from CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
- Exploit likelihood from FIRST’s Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), refreshed daily.
- Explanations are written by Veriom from fixed templates over each record’s data, not by a person reviewing each CVE. Descriptions are quoted from the records as published.